The Oerlikon 20 mm cannon is a series of autocannons, based on an original German 20 mm Becker design that appeared very early in World War I. It was widely produced by Oerlikon Contraves and others, with various models employed by both Allied and Axis forces during World War II, and many versions are still in use today.[2][3]. Rheinmetall continues to build on their legacy, developing and manufacturing automatic cannons featuring exceptional firepower, precision and reliability. The French firm of Hispano-Suiza was a manufacturer of aircraft engines, and it marketed the moteur-canon combination of its 12X and 12Y engines with a H.S.7 or H.S.9 cannon installed between the cylinder banks. 20 mm caliber autocannon used by Soviet aircraft in World War II. Dies führte dazu, dass die Waffe für Bodentruppen wegen möglicher Verschmutzung der Munition ungeeignet war. History Origins. Because the Treaty of Versailles banned further production of such weapons in Germany, the patents and design works were transferred in 1919 to the Swiss firm SEMAG (Seebach Maschinenbau Aktien Gesellschaft) based near Zürich. This gun used a 400-grain (26-gram) charge of IMR 4831 smokeless powder to propel a 2,000-grain (130-gram) projectile at 2,800 feet (850 meters) per second.[5]. I am speaking of the Lahti L-39 and its AA variant the L-39/44. Allied navies during World War II. Hispano-Suiza HS.9, for installation between the cylinder banks of its V-12 engines. These were the principal armament for its Light Anti-Aircraft squadrons in North Africa, the Middle East, Italy, and North Western Europe, until the introduction of the Bofors 40/L60 40mm gun from 1943, although many squadrons retained a mix of guns until the end of World War 2. I'll update the drawings as soon as I can. However, due to delays and then later the Fall of France in June 1940, only 109 guns reached the United Kingdom. This fired a still larger cartridge (20x110RB) to achieve a muzzle velocity of 830 m/s (versus 490 m/s for the original Becker 20x70RB gun), at the cost of increased weight and a reduced rate of fire (280 rpm). The Oerlikon 20 mm cannon is a series of autocannons, based on an original German Becker Type M2 20 mm cannon design that appeared very early in World War I. It is still in use today on some naval units, theoretically as a last-recourse anti-air weapon, but mainly used for firing warning shots or incapacitating small vessels. Such armament was installed on the Morane-Saulnier M.S.406 and some other types. They were standard on PT103 class boats, which came out of the ELCO boatyard with a stern mounted 20MM Oerlikon. Description . 20 mm Oerlikon guns on USS Iowa BB-61 about 1943. Romania purchased 45 pieces from Germany during the first half of World War II.[6]. And the Imperial Japanese Navy, after evaluating all three guns, ordered developments of the FF and FFL as the Type 99-1 and Type 99-2. All through 1937-1938 Lord Louis Mountbatten, then a Captain in the Royal Navy, waged a lone campaign within the Royal Navy to set up an unprejudiced trial for the Oerlikon 20 mm gun, but it was all in vain. The Japanese Navy similarly used their copy of the FF, designated the Type 99 Mark One cannon on a number of types including the Mitsubishi A6M Zero. The RAF Regiment made extensive use of Oerlikon guns in the anti-aircraft role. Ein Nachteil des Systems war, dass gefettete Munition verwendet werden musste, um Hülsenreißer zu vermeiden. It was widely produced by Oerlikon Contraves and others, with various models employed by both Allied and Axis forces during World War II, and many versions are still in use today. The Oerlikon became best known in its naval applications. Rheinmetall Defence’s portfolio of medium-calibre automatic cannons is based on the products of two highly regarded companies: Oerlikon and Mauser. Das MG FF war eine von der deutschen Luftwaffe im Zweiten Weltkrieg eingesetzte Maschinenkanone im Kaliber 20 mm ('FF' = 'Flügel Fest'). In a typical single-barrel naval version, it is free-swinging on a fixed pedestal mounting with a flat armored shield affording some protection for the crew. It was widely produced by Oerlikon Contraves and others, with various models employed by both Allied and Axis forces during World War II, and many versions still in use today. Used cartridges are ejected from below the breech. During World War I, the German industrialist Reinhold Becker developed a 20 mm caliber cannon, known now as the 20 mm Becker using the Advanced Primer Ignition blowback (API blowback) method of operation. Different nations and services operated a number of mounting types for the same basic gun. Please send me a PM. [4], This unique chamber and bolt design necessitates the use of a characteristically shaped cartridge: the case has straight sides, very little neck, and a rebated rim. Non-locking, simple blowback designs are commonplace in much lighter weapons, such as small-caliber semi-automatic pistols. Später wurde Semag von Oerlikon übernommen. U.S. The purpose of this development was to impro… During World War II, twin and quadruple Oerlikon mounts were developed, both for army and for navy use. 25 Μαϊ 2016 - Explore Demetris Plastourgos 1's board "Oerlikon 20mm Cannon", followed by 1538 people on Pinterest. Belt-fed versions of the gun were developed to overcome this limitation. Die Patrone wird gezündet, während sich der Verschluss noch im Vorlauf befindet, was zu einer ruhigeren Funktion führt, zudem kann damit die Verschlussmasse verringert werden. And the FFS, which weighed 39 kg, delivered a high muzzle velocity of 830 m/s at a rate of fire of 470 rpm.[4]. Auf den Schiffen der Alliierten war sie neben der weiterreichenden 40-mm-Bofors das wichtigste Serienfeuergeschütz; wegen ihrer Beweglichkeit wurde sie erfolgreich gegen direkt angreifende Kamikaze-Flieger der Japaner eingesetzt. Wilk-class submarine. However, it had some problems with jamming in the ammunition feed. Aus anderen Ländern sind keine genauen Zahlen bekannt. During World War I, the German industrialist Reinhold Becker developed a 20 mm caliber cannon, known now as the 20 mm Becker using the Advanced Primer Ignition blowback (API blowback) method of operation. It was widely produced by Oerlikon Contraves and others, with various models employed by both Allied and Axis forces during World War II, and many versions are still in use today. Vor dem Zweiten Weltkrieg, ab 1937, erwarb die Schweiz 363 Oerlikon-Kanonen und setzte diese als 20mm Flab Kan Oe 37 mit 15-Schuss-Kastenmagazinen auf Infanterielafetten ein. gun weight - 68 kg, projectile - 120 grams . It was not until the Commander-in-Chief of the Home Fleet, Admiral Sir Roger Backhouse, was appointed First Sea Lord that Mountbatten's efforts bore fruit. Ordnance = Artillerie / BL = Breech Loading / QF = Quick Firing, QF 2-Pfünder • QF 3-Pfünder • QF 6-Pfünder • QF 75 mm • QF 3-Zoll-Haubitze • QF 17-pounder • 77 mm HV • QF 95-mm-Haubitze, QF 2-Pfünder • QF 6-Pfünder • QF 17-Pfünder, 75-mm-Geschütz M1917 • QF-18-Pfünder • QF 25-pounder • QF 25-pounder Short • QF 4,5-inch-Haubitze, BL 4,5-inch mittleres Feldgeschütz • BL 60-pounder • BL 5,5-inch-mittleres-Geschütz • BL 6-inch-26-cwt-Haubitze • BL 6-inch-Geschütz Mk XIX • 155-mm Long Tom • BL 7,2-inch-Haubitze • BL 8-inch-Haubitze Mk VII • BL 9,2-inch-Haubitze • 240-mm-Howitzer M1, 75-mm-Gebirgshaubitze M1 • QF 3,7-Zoll-Gebirgshaubitze, 2-Zoll-Mörser • 3-Zoll-Mörser • 4,2-Zoll-Mörser, Z Battery • 20-mm-Oerlikon-Kanone • Polsten 20-mm-Flak • QF 1½-pounder Mk III • QF 2-Pfünder-Marinegeschütz • 40-mm-Bofors-Geschütz • QF 3-Zoll-20-cwt-Flak • QF 3,7-Zoll-Flak • QF 4,5-Zoll Mk II • QF 5,25-Zoll Mk II, QF 6 pounder 10 cwt gun • QF 12 pounder 12 cwt naval gun • QF 4,7-inch-Schiffsgeschütz Mk I–IV • BL 6 inch Mk VII naval gun • BL 7,5-inch MK VII • BL 8-inch Mk VIII • BL 9,2-inch Mk X • BL 14-inch Mk VII • BL 15-inch Mk I, BL 9.2-inch railway gun • BL 12-inch MkV railway howitzer • BL 13.5-inch Mk V railway gun • BL 18-inch railway howitzer, https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=20-mm-Oerlikon-Kanone&oldid=204814856, Flugabwehrwaffe aus dem Zweiten Weltkrieg, „Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike“, Die vollständige Werksammlung des ehemaligen Waffenherstellers, Eine 20-mm-Fliegerabwehrkanone 65/68 (Oerlikon Contraves GAI-B01) des. Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg produzierte die Firma weiterhin Fliegerabwehrkanonen, zuerst wurden verschiedene 20-mm-Gasdrucklader angeboten, später kam die Oerlikon 35-mm-Zwillingskanone dazu. 1939 wurde in Polen eine vereinfachte Variante der Oerlikon-Kanone entwickelt und produziert. Note the Mark 14 Gunsight and that the censor has obscured the radar antennas on the director and mast. Oerlikon 20 mm cannon The Oerlikon 20 mm cannon is a series of autocannons, based on an original German 20 mm Becker design that appeared very early in World War I. Later in the war, they also equipped fighters including the Zero with the Type 99 Mark Two, a version of the more powerful and faster-firing Oerlikon FFL. A trigger in the right-hand grip controls fire. This didn’t take overly long to make and this is a low poly version to be used within games. The Oerlikon firm, named after the Zürich suburb of Oerlikon where it was based, then acquired all rights to the weapon, plus the manufacturing equipment and the employees of SEMAG. A "piece chief" designates targets and the feeder changes exhausted magazines. The purpose of this development was to impro… The Oerlikon 20 mm cannon is a series of autocannons, based on an original German 20 mm Becker design that appeared very early in World War I. Rate - 450 rounds per minute. QF STAAG Mark II: 47 mm 3 pdr QF Hotchkiss: 57 mm 6pdr 7cwt QF Mk IIA: 76 mm While the 20mm Oerlikon auto-cannon was one of the most effective 20’s of WWII and the PDF Manual is wonderful, I find it frustrating in the extreme that there appears to be no ready source for the blueprints and manual of arguably the best 20 of the war. Back in 1918, German arms engineer Reinhold Becker came up with a 20x80mm round that fired using primer ignition blowback in a very large machine gun to fire at 300-rounds per minute. For this reason, some mountings existed with a height-adjustment feature to compensate for different sized gunners. [8][9] It was also placed experimentally on the battleships Arkansas, Colorado, Maryland, West Virginia, Washington, Massachusetts, and training ship Wyoming. Vermutlich war die Oerlikon-Flak das am meisten produzierte Flugabwehrgeschütz des Zweiten Weltkrieges. Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 23. Oerlikon 20 mm cannon Blueprint. To ease the motion of the case, the ammunition needed to be greased, which was a drawback of the Oerlikon cannon. Im Zweiten Weltkrieg gingen von Dezember 1941 bis September 1944 32 Prozent aller von der US-Navy abgeschossenen japanischen Jäger auf ihr Konto. It provided a useful increase in firepower over the .50 cal machine gun when adapted and fitted to some aircraft. Various models of Oerlikon cannon were used during World War II, and they are still in use today. The Oerlikon 20 mm cannon is a series of autocannons, based on an original German 20 mm Becker design that appeared very early in World War I. In 1924 SEMAG failed. Die Oerlikon 20 mm Kanone ist eine Reihe von Autokanonen, die auf einem originalen deutschen Becker Typ M2 20 mm Kanonendesign basieren, das sehr früh im Ersten Weltkrieg erschien. The 1930s were a period of global re-armament, and a number of foreign firms took licenses for the Oerlikon family of aircraft cannon. If the bolt had stopped at the mouth of the chamber as in a simple blowback gun, this momentum would have been neutralized; instead thanks to the continuous movement the momentum acts to counter the propellant gases and slow the rearward travel of cartridge and bolt. SEMAG continued development of the weapon, and in 1924 had produced the SEMAG L, a heavier weapon (43 kg) that fired more powerful 20×100mmRB ammunition at a slightly higher rate of fire, 350 rpm. The first guns were delivered to the Royal Navy in March or April, 1941. In France, Hispano-Suiza manufactured development of the FFS as the Hispano-Suiza HS.7 and Seehund. The Oerlikon KAD is a 20 x 139 mm gas/blowback autocannon which was mainly used in anti-aircraft roles. To facilitate this, the Oerlikon's chamber is longer than needed to contain the cartridge, and the front-end of the bolt, which is the same diameter as the case, actually enters this extended chamber behind the cartridge before firing. M1911 pistol. Designated with FF for Flügelfest meaning "wing-mounted", these weapons were again available in the three sizes, with designations FF, FFL and FFS. The 20 MM was a decent AA gun, and quite effective against small craft. - Oerlikon 20mm Cannon - 3D model by Joe Jobson (@jjobson98) [01ebf47] The purpose of this development was to improve the performance of the gun as an anti-tank and anti-aircraft weapon, which required a higher muzzle velocity. Die 20-mm-Oerlikon-Kanone war eine Flugabwehrkanone des Schweizer Unternehmens Oerlikon. Locally produced derivatives of the Oerlikon cannon were used much more extensively, on aircraft, on ships and on land. The Oerlikon 20 mm cannon is a series of autocannons, based on an original German Becker Type M2 20 mm cannon design that appeared very early in World War I.It was widely produced by Oerlikon Contraves and others, with various models employed by both Allied and Axis forces during World War II, and many versions are still in use today. A handful of corvettes were fitted with the weapon toward the end of the war, but it appeared more commonly on frigates and destroyers at the time. It became famous in the naval anti-aircraft role, providing an effective defense at short ranges (in practice up to 1.5 km) at which heavier guns had difficulty tracking a target. This is my version of the oerlikon 20 mm cannon, made for a university assignment, just added a few textures since then. Initially the Oerlikon was not looked upon favorably by the Royal Navy as a short-range anti-aircraft gun. Prototypes were built and tested in late 1942 and operationally deployed on several Elco PT Boats in the Mediterranean. All Oerlikon guns imported from Switzerland, in 1940, were mounted on various gun carriages to serve as light AA-guns on land. The family of 20-mm automatic cannon "Oerlikon" - family of small-caliber anti-aircraft and aircraft automatic guns of 20 mm caliber. During sustained firing, the magazine must be frequently changed, reducing the effective rate of fire. The gun fired through the hollow propeller hub, this being elevated above the crankcase by the design of the gearing. manually aimed by a gunner. Depicting the Hs820 20 x 139 mm cannon, with its different feed mechanisms. 20mm kanón Oerlikon je označení řady automatických kanónů, vyvinutých na základě německého 20mm kanónu Becker, který vznikl na počátku 1. světové války.Kanón Oerlikon byl masově produkován jak původním výrobcem Oerlikon Contraves, tak i řadou dalších společností. The Oerlikon was also used as the basis for the Polsten gun, designed by Polish engineers in exile in the United Kingdom. Just a few weeks before the Fall of France, the Oerlikon factory approved manufacture of their gun in the United Kingdom, under licence. The incorporation of the improvements of the FFS in a new anti-aircraft gun produced, in 1938, the Oerlikon SS. Similar German installations of the MG FF were not successful. In 1930 Oerlikon reconsidered the application of its gun in aircraft and introduced the AF and AL, designed to be used in flexible mounts, i.e. See more ideas about στρατιωτικά. No locking is required, as with such low-power cartridges the static inertia of the bolt or bolt and slide - the physical tendency of heavy components to resist rapid acceleration - is adequate to ensure that the projectile has left the muzzle and the gas pressure in the barrel is down to a safe level before the breech opens (while the bolt spring also resists the opening of the breech, in practical terms its contribution is too small to be relevant). Oktober 2020 um 17:41 Uhr bearbeitet. The production of the first British-made Oerlikon guns started in Ruislip, London, at the end of 1940. The FF fired a slightly larger cartridge than the AF, 20x72RB, but the major improvement in these weapons was a significant increase in rate of fire. The Oerlikon KAD went by two other names, the Hs.820 and M139. An alternative developed during World War II was the so-called fluted chamber, which had grooves that allowed propellant gas to seep between the chamber wall and the case, taking over the role of the grease.[4]. Originally Answered: Was the 20MM Oerlikon cannon ever used on USN PT Boats during WW2, and were they effective? This is an extremely rare example of an original WWII Navy Oerlikon 20 mm Cannon with its Navy deck mount that was manufactured by the Pontiac Division of General Motors. Real scaled from original Hollowed to saved material. Filter 1:200 TYPE89 twin127mmAntiAircraftGun $ 9.70 by ModelshipJP. Die 20-mm-Oerlikon-Kanone war eine Flugabwehrkanone des Schweizer Unternehmens Oerlikon. Crusader tank. This fired a still larger cartridge (20x110RB) to achieve a muzzle velocity of 830 m/s (versus 490 m/s for the original Becker 20x70RB gun), at the cost of increased weight and a reduced rate of fire (280 rpm). Synergistically with this, a second advantage of this unusual arrangement is that after firing the bolt and case have a short, but significant, distance to travel rearwards before the bolt-end re-emerges and the case in turn begins to leave the chamber; and this in combination with the deceleration provides sufficient time for gas pressure to drop to the necessary safe level. The gunner is attached to the weapon by a waist-belt and shoulder supports. It was widely produced by Oerlikon Contraves and others, with various models employed by both Allied and Axis forces during World War II, and many versions are still in use today. Wie das 40-mm-Bofors-Geschütz wurde auch diese Waffe von fast allen am Zweiten Weltkrieg beteiligten Staaten verwendet. The Oerlikon gun was installed aboard United States Navy ships from 1942, replacing the M2 Browning machine gun, which lacked range and firepower, and largely superseding the 1.1"/75 caliber gun, which was heavier and had less mechanical reliability. It was used on a limited scale as an aircraft gun on Luftstreitkräfte warplanes, and an anti-aircraft gun towards the end of that war. Very unusually for a high-powered autocannon, the Oerlikon and its derivatives feature blowback operation: the bolt is not locked to the breech of the gun at the moment of firing. 1/72 scale very hi detailed and accurate model of Single Oerlikon 20 mm cannon for U.S. Navy ships. In the air, the Ikaria MG FF was used as armament on a number of German aircraft, of which the most famous is the Messerschmitt Bf 109. Apart from changes to the design of the guns for wing-mounting and remote control, larger drums were introduced as it would not be possible to exchange magazines in flight. Created by Mikhail Yevgenyevich Berezin in 1944 by converting his 12.7 mm Berezin UB machine gun to … Die Oerlikon-Kanone ist ein zuschießender Rückstoßlader mit Masseverschluss. "Switzerland Oerlikon 20 mm/70 (0.79") Mark 1, http://www.airwar.ru/weapon/guns/oerlikon.html, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oerlikon_20_mm_cannon&oldid=998455663, World War II naval weapons of the United Kingdom, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2015, Articles to be expanded from October 2011, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, Single barrel (progressive RH parabolic twist, 9 grooves), Cylindrical magazine holding 60 rounds, Later adjusted to be a belt fed gun, Drum for 30, 45, 60, 75, 100 rounds or box magazine for 15 rounds, This page was last edited on 5 January 2021, at 13:15. The straight sides allows the case to slide back and forward in the cylindrical chamber. Nevertheless, compared to guns with a locking mechanism a fairly heavy bolt must be employed; while to give this heavy bolt sufficient forward speed, a large spring is required (and Oerlikons, distinctively, have this component wrapped around their barrels.) It was largely superseded by the Bofors 40 mm gun and the 3"/50 Mark 22 gun. The neck is not supported while this happens and therefore expands when the case is fired, and the rebated rim allows the face of the bolt, with its extractor claw hooked over the rim, to fit within the chamber. Von Oerlikon wurde dieses Geschütz weitgehend modifiziert sowie verbessert und auf der ganzen Welt vermarktet, sowie in Abarten in vielen Ländern produziert. O. Oerlikon 20mm; Media in category "20 mm Oerlikon gun" The following 55 files are in this category, out of 55 total. The gun was eventually abandoned as a major anti-air weapon due to its lack of stopping power against heavy aircraft and against Japanese kamikaze attacks during the Pacific War. The Royal Navy managed to smuggle out the necessary drawings and documents from Zürich. The crewman on the left of the elevated gunmount is adjusting the trunnion height. This used a 20×70mmRB cartridge and had a cyclic rate of fire of 300 rpm. The cannon is aimed and fired by a gunner using, in its simplest form, a ring-and-bead sight. In Germany, Ikaria further developed the FF gun as the MG FF, firing 20x80RB ammunition.
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